ATLANTA, Nov. 04, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) —

Gray Television, Inc. (“Gray,” “we,” “us” or “our”) (NYSE: GTN)

today announced its strong financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2022, including a 417% increase in net income attributable to common stockholders, compared to the third quarter of 2021. Overall, the third quarter of 2022 produced record results, including $909 million in total revenue, due to the combination of recent acquisitions, added scale, increasingly efficient integrated operations, and the “on-year” of the two-year political advertising cycle. Compared to the third quarter of 2018, the last mid-term election year, our political advertising revenue in the third quarter of 2022 of $144 million grew by 200% on the As-Reported Basis and by 30% on a Combined Historical Basis. While impressive, these figures fell short of our expectations and guidance issued in early August, due to an unexpected pullback in certain key political races. By October, political advertising revenue increased rapidly in many races in our markets and is expected to remain robust through Election Day. We currently anticipate that full-year 2022 political advertising revenue will be within a range of $495 million to $505 million.

Gray’s strong cash flow in the third quarter of 2022 enabled us to return $124 million of capital to our shareholders including: a voluntary principal pre-payment of $100 million under Gray’s 2017 Term Loan B (due 2024); a required principal payment of $4 million under the 2021 Term Loan D (due 2028); and $20 million of cash dividends to our preferred and common shareholders. Even after these actions, Gray ended the quarter with $144 million of cash on hand. Strong operating results and political advertising revenue are expected to enable Gray to fund additional de-leveraging and cash dividend payments during the remainder of the year. On November 1, 2022, we made a further $100 million voluntary debt principal pre-payment.

Due to the significant effect that material transactions have had on our results of our operations, we present the financial information herein consistent with both U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP” or “As Reported Basis”) and on a Combined Historical Basis (“CHB”), which incorporates certain historical results of acquired businesses, less the historical results of divested businesses. We also furnish certain other detailed non-GAAP metrics to provide more meaningful period-over-period comparisons to assist the public in its analysis and valuation of Gray. This additional information includes a summary of incremental expenses that were specific to our acquisitions, divestitures, and related financing activities (“Transaction Related Expenses”), non-cash stock-based compensation expenses and certain non-GAAP terms common in our industry. Please refer to the detailed discussion of the foregoing terms and concepts included elsewhere herein.

Summary of Third Quarter Operating Results

As Reported Basis


(the respective 2021 periods reflect the “off-year” of the two-year political advertising cycle):

• Revenue was $909 million, an increase of 51% from the third quarter of 2021.
• Core Advertising Revenue was $359 million, an increase of 23% from the third quarter of 2021.
• Net income attributable to common stockholders was $95 million, or $1.03 per fully diluted share, an increase of 417% from the third quarter of 2021.
• Broadcast Cash Flow was $357 million, an increase of 75% from the third quarter of 2021.
• Adjusted EBITDA was $336 million, an increase of 81% from the third quarter of 2021.
  

Combined Historical Basis


(the respective 2021 periods reflect the “off-year” of the two-year political advertising cycle):

• Revenue was $909 million, an increase of 15% from the third quarter of 2021.
• Core Advertising Revenue decreased 3% from the third quarter of 2021, primarily as a result of displacement by political advertising.
• Broadcast Cash Flow was $358 million, an increase of 29% from the third quarter of 2021.
  

Other Key Metrics

• As of September 30, 2022, our Total Leverage Ratio, Net of all Cash, was 5.17 times on a trailing eight-quarter basis, netting our total cash balance of $144 million and giving effect to all Transaction Related Expenses, which is calculated as set forth in our Senior Credit Facility.

• During the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we incurred Transaction Related Expenses on an As Reported Basis that included but were not limited to legal and professional fees, severance and incentive compensation and contract termination fees. In addition, we recorded certain non-cash stock-based compensation expenses. These expenses are summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
		2022			2021			2022			2021
	(in millions)
Transaction Related Expenses:
Broadcasting	$	1		$	–		$	5		$	–
Corporate and administrative		–			11			1			19
Miscellaneous expense		–			–			–			7
Total Transaction Related Expenses	$	1		$	11		$	6		$	26
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	$	6		$	3		$	17		$	10

Taxes

• During the nine-months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we made income tax payments of $128 million and $129 million, respectively. During the remainder of 2022, based on our current forecasts, we anticipate making income tax payments (before deducting any refunds) within a range of $58 million to $68 million.

• As of September 30, 2022, we have an aggregate of $337 million of various state operating loss carryforwards, of which we expect that approximately half will be utilized.

Guidance for the Three-Months Ending December 31, 2022

Based on our current forecasts for the quarter ending December 31, 2022, we anticipate the following key financial results, as outlined below in approximate ranges. We present revenue net of agency commissions. We exclude depreciation, amortization and (gain) loss on disposal of assets from our estimates of operating expenses.

• Revenue:
  • Core advertising revenue of $385 million to $400 million.
  • Retransmission revenue of $345 million to $350 million.
  • Political advertising revenue of $235 million to $245 million.
  • Production company revenue of $35 million to $36 million.
  • Total revenue of $1.017 billion to $1.049 billion.
• Operating Expenses:
  • Broadcasting expenses of $565 million to $575 million, including retransmission expense of approximately $225 million and non-cash stock-based compensation expense of approximately $1 million.
  • Production company expenses of approximately $25 million to $26 million.
  • Corporate expenses of $30 million to $34 million, including non-cash stock-based compensation expense of approximately $4 million.

Selected Operating Data on As Reported Basis (Unaudited)
	As-Reported Basis
	Three Months Ended September 30,
								% Change						% Change
								2022 to						2022 to
		2022			2021			2021				2020		2020
	(dollars in millions)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Broadcasting	$	889		$	581			53	%		$	593		50	%
Production companies		20			20			0	%			11		82	%
Total revenue	$	909		$	601			51	%		$	604		50	%
Political advertising revenue	$	144		$	9			1500	%		$	128		13	%
Operating expenses (1):
Broadcasting	$	537		$	384			40	%		$	326		65	%
Production companies	$	16		$	13			23	%		$	8		100	%
Corporate and administrative	$	27		$	32			(16	)%		$	15		80	%
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	95		$	(30	)		417	%		$	109		(13	)%
Non-GAAP Cash Flow (2):
Broadcast Cash Flow	$	357		$	204			75	%		$	271		32	%
Broadcast Cash Flow Less
Cash Corporate Expenses	$	335		$	175			91	%		$	260		29	%
Free Cash Flow (3)	$	162		$	(5	)		3340	%		$	139		17	%
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
								% Change						% Change
								2022 to						2022 to
		2022			2021			2021				2020		2020
	(dollars in millions)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Broadcasting	$	2,548		$	1,648			55	%		$	1,557		64	%
Production companies		56			44			27	%			32		75	%
Total revenue	$	2,604		$	1,692			54	%		$	1,589		64	%
Political advertising revenue	$	260		$	24			983	%		$	185		41	%
Operating expenses (1):
Broadcasting	$	1,595		$	1,099			45	%		$	985		62	%
Production companies	$	56		$	39			44	%		$	32		75	%
Corporate and administrative	$	80		$	75			7	%		$	47		70	%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	230		$	22			945	%		$	147		56	%
Non-GAAP Cash Flow (2):
Broadcast Cash Flow	$	955		$	555			72	%		$	575		66	%
Broadcast Cash Flow Less
Cash Corporate Expenses	$	889		$	489			82	%		$	536		66	%
Free Cash Flow (3)	$	339		$	107			217	%		$	259		31	%

(1) Excludes depreciation, amortization and (gain) loss on disposal of assets.

(2) See definition of non-GAAP terms and a reconciliation of the non-GAAP amounts to net income (loss) included elsewhere herein.

(3) Excludes deduction for purchase of property and equipment related to the Assembly Atlanta project in 2022 and 2021.

Selected Operating Data on As Reported Basis (Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2022						2021					Amount			Percent
				Percent						Percent			Increase			Increase
	Amount			of Total			Amount			of Total			(Decrease)			(Decrease)
	(dollars in millions)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Core	$	359		39	%		$	292		49	%		$	67		23	%
Political		144		16	%			9		1	%			135		1500	%
Retransmission consent		368		40	%			266		44	%			102		38	%
Production companies		20		2	%			20		3	%			–		0	%
Other		18		3	%			14		3	%			4		29	%
Total	$	909		100	%		$	601		100	%		$	308		51	%

Operating expenses (before
depreciation, amortization and
(gain) loss on disposal of assets):
Broadcasting:
Station expenses	$	309		58	%		$	229		60	%		$	80		35	%
Retransmission expense		226		42	%			154		40	%			72		47	%
Transaction Related Expenses		1		0	%			–		0	%			1		100	%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		1		0	%			1		0	%			–		0	%
Total broadcasting expense	$	537		100	%		$	384		100	%		$	153		40	%
Production companies expense	$	16					$	13					$	3		23	%
Corporate and administrative:
Corporate expenses	$	22		81	%		$	19		60	%		$	3		16	%
Transaction Related Expenses		–		0	%			11		34	%			(11	)	(100	)%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		5		19	%			2		6	%			3		150	%
Total corporate and
administrative expense	$	27		100	%		$	32		100	%		$	(5	)	(16	)%

Selected Operating Data on As Reported Basis (Unaudited)
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2022						2021					Amount			Percent
				Percent						Percent			Increase			Increase
	Amount			of Total			Amount			of Total			(Decrease)			(Decrease)
	(dollars in millions)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Core	$	1,090		42	%		$	831		49	%		$	259		31	%
Political		260		10	%			24		1	%			236		983	%
Retransmission consent		1,143		44	%			755		45	%			388		51	%
Production companies		56		2	%			44		3	%			12		27	%
Other		55		2	%			38		2	%			17		45	%
Total	$	2,604		100	%		$	1,692		100	%		$	912		54	%

Operating expenses (before
depreciation, amortization and
(gain) loss on disposal of assets):
Broadcasting:
Station expenses	$	909		57	%		$	654		60	%		$	255		39	%
Retransmission expense		678		43	%			444		40	%			234		53	%
Transaction Related Expenses		5		0	%			–		0	%			5		100	%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		3		0	%			1		0	%			2		200	%
Total broadcasting expense	$	1,595		100	%		$	1,099		100	%		$	496		45	%
Production companies expense	$	56					$	39					$	17		44	%
Corporate and administrative:
Corporate expenses	$	65		81	%		$	47		63	%		$	18		38	%
Transaction Related Expenses		1		1	%			19		25	%			(18	)	(95	)%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		14		18	%			9		12	%			5		56	%
Total corporate and
administrative expense	$	80		100	%		$	75		100	%		$	5		7	%

Detail Table of Operating Results on As Reported Basis (Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
	(in millions, except for per share information)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Broadcasting	$	889			$	581			$	2,548			$	1,648
Production companies		20				20				56				44
Total revenue (less agency commissions)		909				601				2,604				1,692
Operating expenses before depreciation, amortization
and (gain) loss on disposal of assets, net:
Broadcasting		537				384				1,595				1,099
Production companies		16				13				56				39
Corporate and administrative		27				32				80				75
Depreciation		33				26				96				76
Amortization of intangible assets		52				28				156				81
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets, net		(1	)			51				(6	)			46
Operating expenses		664				534				1,977				1,416
Operating income		245				67				627				276
Other expense:
Miscellaneous expense, net		(1	)			(1	)			(3	)			(7	)
Interest expense		(94	)			(48	)			(254	)			(143	)
Income before income taxes		150				18				370				126
Income tax expense		42				35				101				65
Net income (loss)		108				(17	)			269				61
Preferred stock dividends		13				13				39				39
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	95			$	(30	)		$	230			$	22
Basic per share information:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1.04			$	(0.32	)		$	2.47			$	0.23
Weighted-average shares outstanding		91				95				93				94
Diluted per share information:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1.03			$	(0.32	)		$	2.47			$	0.23
Weighted-average shares outstanding		92				95				93				95

Selected Operating Data on Combined Historical Basis (Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended September 30,
							% Change						% Change
							2022 to						2022 to
		2022			2021		2021				2020		2020
	(dollars in millions)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Broadcast	$	889		$	768		16	%		$	836		6	%
Production companies		20			20		0	%			11		82	%
Total revenue	$	909		$	788		15	%		$	847		7	%
Political advertising	$	144		$	14		929	%		$	190		(24	)%
Operating expenses (1):
Broadcast	$	537		$	518		4	%		$	473		14	%
Production companies	$	16		$	13		23	%		$	8		100	%
Corporate and administrative	$	27		$	32		(16	)%		$	15		80	%
Non-GAAP Cash Flow (2):
Broadcast Cash Flow	$	358		$	277		29	%		$	381		(6	)%
Broadcast Cash Flow Less
Cash Corporate Expenses	$	336		$	248		35	%		$	370		(9	)%
Operating Cash Flow as defined
in our Senior Credit Facility	$	333		$	256		30	%		$	368		(10	)%
Free Cash Flow(3)	$	164		$	110		49	%		$	194		(15	)%
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
							% Change						% Change
							2022 to						2022 to
		2022			2021		2021				2020		2020
	(dollars in millions)
Revenue (less agency commissions):
Broadcast	$	2,548		$	2,251		13	%		$	2,187		17	%
Production companies		56			44		27	%			32		75	%
Total revenue	$	2,604		$	2,295		13	%		$	2,219		17	%
Political advertising	$	260		$	35		643	%		$	269		(3	)%
Operating expenses (1):
Broadcast	$	1,595		$	1,523		5	%		$	1,405		14	%
Production companies	$	56		$	39		44	%		$	32		75	%
Corporate and administrative	$	80		$	75		7	%		$	47		70	%
Non-GAAP Cash Flow (2):
Broadcast Cash Flow	$	960		$	794		21	%		$	835		15	%
Broadcast Cash Flow Less
Cash Corporate Expenses	$	894		$	728		23	%		$	796		12	%
Operating Cash Flow as defined
in our Senior Credit Facility	$	894		$	744		20	%		$	794		13	%
Free Cash Flow(3)	$	350		$	304		15	%		$	386		(9	)%

(1) Excludes depreciation, amortization and (gain) loss on disposal of assets.

(2) See definition of non-GAAP terms and a reconciliation of the non-GAAP amounts to net income (loss) included elsewhere herein.

(3) Excludes deduction for purchase of property and equipment related to the Assembly Atlanta project in 2022 and 2021.

Selected Operating Data on Combined Historical Basis (Unaudited)
		Three Months Ended September 30,
			2022						2021					Amount				Percent
					Percent						Percent			Increase				Increase
		Amount			of Total			Amount			of Total			(Decrease)				(Decrease)
		(dollars in millions)
Broadcasting net revenues:
Core		$	359		39	%		$	372		47	%		$	(13	)		(3	)%
Political			144		16	%			14		2	%			130			929	%
Retransmission consent			368		40	%			364		46	%			4			1	%
Production companies			20		2	%			20		3	%			–			0	%
Other			18		3	%			18		2	%			–			0	%
Total		$	909		100	%		$	788		100	%		$	121			15	%

Operating expenses (before
depreciation, amortization and
(gain) loss on disposal of assets):
Broadcasting:
Station expenses	$	309		58	%		$	303		59	%		$	6			2	%
Retransmission expense		226		42	%			214		41	%			12			6	%
Transaction Related Expenses		1		0	%			–		0	%			1			100	%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		1		0	%			1		0	%			–			0	%
Total broadcasting expense	$	537		100	%		$	518		100	%		$	19			4	%
Production companies expense	$	16					$	13					$	3			23	%
Corporate and administrative:
Corporate expenses	$	22		81	%		$	18		57	%		$	4			22	%
Transaction Related Expenses		–		0	%			11		34	%			(11	)		(100	)%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		5		19	%			3		9	%			2			67	%
Total corporate and
administrative expense	$	27		100	%		$	32		100	%		$	(5	)		(16	)%

Selected Operating Data on Combined Historical Basis (Unaudited)
		Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2022						2021					Amount				Percent
					Percent						Percent			Increase				Increase
		Amount			of Total			Amount			of Total			(Decrease)				(Decrease)
		(dollars in millions)
Broadcasting net revenues:
Core		$	1,090		42	%		$	1,092		48	%		$	(2	)		0	%
Political			260		10	%			35		1	%			225			643	%
Retransmission consent			1,143		44	%			1,071		47	%			72			7	%
Production companies			56		2	%			44		2	%			12			27	%
Other			55		2	%			53		2	%			2			4	%
Total		$	2,604		100	%		$	2,295		100	%		$	309			13	%

Operating expenses (before
depreciation, amortization and
(gain) loss on disposal of assets):
Broadcasting:
Station expenses	$	909		57	%		$	889		59	%		$	20			2	%
Retransmission expense		678		43	%			631		41	%			47			7	%
Transaction Related Expenses		5		0	%			–		0	%			5			100	%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		3		0	%			3		0	%			–			0	%
Total broadcasting expense	$	1,595		100	%		$	1,523		100	%		$	72			5	%
Production companies expense	$	56					$	39					$	17			44	%
Corporate and administrative:
Corporate expenses	$	65		81	%		$	47		63	%		$	18			38	%
Transaction Related Expenses		1		1	%			19		25	%			(18	)		(95	)%
Non-cash stock-based compensation		14		18	%			9		12	%			5			56	%
Total corporate and
administrative expense	$	80		100	%		$	75		100	%		$	5			7	%

Other Financial Data on As Reported Basis (Unaudited)
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2022				2021
	(in millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	596			$	283
Net cash used in investing activities		(362	)			(664	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(279	)			(70	)
Net decrease in cash	$	(45	)		$	(451	)
	As of
	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	(in millions)
Cash	$	144			$	189
Long-term debt, including current portion, less deferred
financing costs	$	6,605			$	6,755
Series A Perpetual Preferred Stock	$	650			$	650
Borrowing availability under Revolving Credit Facility	$	496			$	497

The Company

We are a multimedia company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. We are the nation’s largest owner of top-rated local television stations and digital assets in the United States. Our television stations serve 113 television markets that collectively reach approximately 36 percent of US television households.  This portfolio includes 80 markets with the top-rated television station and 100 markets with the first and/or second highest rated television station. We also own video program companies Raycom Sports, Tupelo Media Group (formerly Tupelo Honey), PowerNation Studios, as well as the studio production facilities Assembly Atlanta and Third Rail Studios.

Cautionary Statements for Purposes of the “Safe Harbor” Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements that are based largely on our current expectations and reflect various estimates and assumptions by us. These statements are statements other than those of historical fact and may be identified by words such as “estimates,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “will,” “implied,” “assume” and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks, trends and uncertainties that could cause actual results and achievements to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statements. Such risks, trends and uncertainties, which in some instances are beyond our control, include our inability to achieve expected synergies from recent transactions on a timely basis or at all, the impact of recently completed transactions, estimates of future revenue, future expenses and other future events. We are subject to additional risks and uncertainties described in our quarterly and annual reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, including in the “Risk Factors,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections contained therein, which reports are made publicly available via our website, www.gray.tv. Any forward-looking statements in this press release should be evaluated in light of these important risk factors. This press release reflects management’s views as of the date hereof. Except to the extent required by applicable law, Gray undertakes no obligation to update or revise any information contained in this press release beyond the published date, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Information about certain potential factors that could affect our business and financial results and cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements are included under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and may be contained in reports subsequently filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and available at www.sec.gov.

Conference Call Information



:

We will host a conference call to discuss our third quarter operating results on November 4, 2022. The call will begin at 11:00 AM Eastern Time. The live dial-in number is 1 (800) 285-6670. The call will be webcast live and available for replay at www.gray.tv. The taped replay of the conference call will be available at 1 (888) 556-3470, Confirmation Code: 898476# until November 24, 2022.

Gray Contacts



:

Web site:

www.gray.tv

Hilton H. Howell, Jr.

, Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, (404) 266-5513

Pat LaPlatney

, President and Co-Chief Executive Officer, (334) 206-1400

Jim Ryan

, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, (404) 504-9828

Kevin P. Latek

, Executive Vice President, Chief Legal and Development Officer, (404) 266-8333

Effects of Acquisitions and Divestitures on Our Results of Operations and Non-GAAP Terms

From January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021, we completed several acquisition and divestiture transactions. As more fully described in our Form 10-Q to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission today and in our prior disclosures, these transactions materially affected our operations. We refer to all television stations acquired or divested from January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021, as the “Acquisitions”.

Due to the significant effect that the Acquisitions have had on our results of operations, and in order to provide more meaningful period over period comparisons, we present herein certain financial information on a Combined Historical Basis (or “CHB”). Combined Historical Basis gives effect to the revenue and broadcast expenses of all completed acquisitions and divestitures as if they had been acquired or divested, respectively, on the first day of the earliest period presented. It also gives effect to certain operating synergies expected from the acquisitions and related financings and adds back professional fees incurred in completing the acquisitions. Combined Historical Basis financial information does not include any adjustments for other events attributable to the Acquisitions unless otherwise described. Certain of the Combined Historical Basis financial information has been derived from, and adjusted based on unaudited, unreviewed financial information prepared by other entities, which Gray cannot independently verify. We cannot assure you that such financial information would not be materially different if such information were audited or reviewed and no assurances can be provided as to the accuracy of such information, or that our actual results would not differ materially from the Combined Historical Basis financial information if the Acquisitions had been completed at the stated date. In addition, the presentation of Combined Historical Basis may not comply with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) or the requirements for proforma financial information under Regulation S-X under the Securities Act of 1933.

From time to time, we supplement our financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP by disclosing the non-GAAP financial measures Broadcast Cash Flow, Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses, Operating Cash Flow as defined in the Senior Credit Agreement, Free Cash Flow, Adjusted EBITDA and Total Leverage Ratio, Net of All Cash. These non-GAAP amounts are used by us to approximate amounts used to calculate key financial performance covenants contained in our debt agreements and are used with our GAAP data to evaluate our results and liquidity.

We define Broadcast Cash Flow as net income or loss plus loss on early extinguishment of debt, non-cash corporate and administrative expenses, non-cash stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization (including amortization of intangible assets and program broadcast rights), any loss on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous expense, interest expense, any income tax expense and non-cash 401(k) expense, less any gain on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous income, any income tax benefits and payments for program broadcast rights. CHB Broadcast Cash Flow also includes adjustments for Transaction Related Expenses and other adjustments.

We define Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses as net income or loss plus loss on early extinguishment of debt, non-cash stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization (including amortization of intangible assets and program broadcast rights), any loss on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous expense, interest expense, any income tax expense and non-cash 401(k) expense, less any gain on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous income, any income tax benefits and payments for program broadcast rights. CHB Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses also includes adjustments for broadcasting Transaction Related Expenses, synergies and other adjustments.

We define Operating Cash Flow as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement as net income or loss plus loss on early extinguishment of debt, non-cash stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization (including amortization of intangible assets and program broadcast rights), any loss on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous expense, interest expense, any income tax expense, non-cash 401(k) expense, Transaction Related Expenses, other adjustments, certain pension expenses, synergies, loss from unrestricted subsidiaries and other adjustments less any gain on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous income, any income tax benefits, payments for program broadcast rights, pension income, contributions to pension plans and income from unrestricted subsidiaries.

We define Free Cash Flow as net income or loss, plus loss on early extinguishment of debt, non-cash stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization (including amortization of intangible assets and program broadcast rights), any loss on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous expense, any income tax expense, non-cash 401(k) expense, certain pension expenses, amortization of deferred financing costs less any gain on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous income, any income tax benefits, payments for program broadcast rights, pension income, contributions to pension plans, preferred stock dividends, common stock dividends, purchase of property and equipment (net of reimbursements and certain defined purchases, including related capitalized construction period interest) and income taxes paid (net of any refunds received and certain defined payments). CHB Free Cash Flow also includes adjustments for Transaction Related Expenses, synergies, unrestricted subsidiaries and other adjustments.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income or loss, plus loss on early extinguishment of debt, non-cash stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets, any loss on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous expense, interest expense, any income tax expense, non-cash 401(k) expense, Transaction Related Expenses less any gain on disposal of assets, any miscellaneous income and any income tax benefits.

Our Total Leverage Ratio, Net of All Cash is determined by dividing our Adjusted Total Indebtedness, Net of All Cash, by our Operating Cash Flow as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement, divided by two. Our Adjusted Total Indebtedness, Net of All Cash, represents the total outstanding principal of our long-term debt, plus certain other obligations as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement, less all cash (excluding restricted cash). Our Operating Cash Flow, as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement, divided by two, represents our average annual Operating Cash Flow as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement for the preceding eight quarters.

We define Transaction Related Expenses as incremental expenses incurred specific to acquisitions and divestitures, including but not limited to legal and professional fees, severance and incentive compensation, and contract termination fees. We present certain line items from our selected operating data, net of Transaction Related Expenses, in order to present a more meaningful comparison between periods of our operating expenses and our results of operations.

These non-GAAP terms are not defined in GAAP and our definitions may differ from, and therefore may not be comparable to, similarly titled measures used by other companies, thereby limiting their usefulness. Such terms are used by management in addition to, and in conjunction with, results presented in accordance with GAAP and should be considered as supplements to, and not as substitutes for, net income and cash flows reported in accordance with GAAP.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Terms on As Reported Basis (Unaudited):
	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
		2022				2021				2020
	(in millions)
Net income (loss)	$	108			$	(17	)		$	122
Adjustments to reconcile from net income (loss) to
Free Cash Flow:
Depreciation		33				26				27
Amortization of intangible assets		52				28				26
Non-cash stock-based compensation		6				3				5
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets, net		(1	)			51				(10	)
Miscellaneous expense, net		1				1				2
Interest expense		94				48				45
Income tax expense		42				35				43
Amortization of program broadcast rights		11				9				9
Payments for program broadcast rights		(11	)			(9	)			(9	)
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		22				29				11
Broadcast Cash Flow		357				204				271
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		(22	)			(29	)			(11	)
Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses		335				175				260
Contributions to pension plans		(4	)			(4	)			(3	)
Interest expense		(94	)			(48	)			(45	)
Amortization of deferred financing costs		4				3				3
Preferred stock dividends		(13	)			(13	)			(13	)
Common stock dividends		(7	)			(8	)			–
Purchase of property and equipment (1)		(52	)			(22	)			(19	)
Reimbursements of property and equipment purchases		2				3				5
Income taxes paid, net of refunds (2)		(9	)			(91	)			(49	)
Free Cash Flow (1) (2)	$	162			$	(5	)		$	139

(1) Excludes $87 million and $11 million of capitalized construction and related interest payments for the Assembly Atlanta project in the 2022 and 2021 three-month periods, respectively.

(2) Includes $72 million of income tax payments in the 2021 three-month period, related to the divestiture of certain stations acquired from Quincy Media.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Terms on As Reported Basis (Unaudited):
	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
		2022				2021				2020
	(in millions)
Net income	$	269			$	61			$	186
Adjustments to reconcile from net income to
Free Cash Flow:
Depreciation		96				76				69
Amortization of intangible assets		156				81				78
Non-cash stock-based compensation		17				10				12
Non-cash 401(k) expense		–				1				–
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets, net		(6	)			46				(23	)
Miscellaneous expense, net		3				7				5
Interest expense		254				143				143
Income tax expense		101				65				67
Amortization of program broadcast rights		36				26				28
Payments for program broadcast rights		(37	)			(27	)			(29	)
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		66				66				39
Broadcast Cash Flow		955				555				575
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		(66	)			(66	)			(39	)
Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses		889				489				536
Pension income		(2	)			–				–
Contributions to pension plans		(4	)			(4	)			(3	)
Interest expense		(254	)			(143	)			(143	)
Amortization of deferred financing costs		12				9				9
Preferred stock dividends		(39	)			(39	)			(39	)
Common stock dividends		(23	)			(23	)			–
Purchase of property and equipment (1)		(119	)			(63	)			(70	)
Reimbursements of property and equipment purchases		7				10				19
Income taxes paid, net of refunds (2)		(128	)			(129	)			(50	)
Free Cash Flow (1) (2)	$	339			$	107			$	259

(1) Excludes approximately $179 million and $91 million of capitalized construction and related interest payments for the Assembly Atlanta project in 2022 and 2021, respectively.

(2) Includes $72 million of income tax payments in 2021, related to the divestiture of certain stations acquired from Quincy Media.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Terms on Combined Historical Basis (Unaudited):
	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
		2022				2021				2020
	(in millions)
Net income	$	108			$	66			$	180
Adjustments to reconcile from net income to Free Cash Flow:
Depreciation		33				32				35
Amortization of intangible assets		52				30				28
Non-cash stock-based compensation		6				4				4
Gain on disposal of assets, net		(1	)			(1	)			(11	)
Miscellaneous expense, net		1				1				1
Interest expense		94				78				78
Income tax expense		42				20				39
Amortization of program broadcast rights		11				14				14
Payments for program broadcast rights		(11	)			(13	)			(15	)
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		22				29				11
Broadcast Transaction Related Expenses		1				–				–
Broadcast other adjustments		–				17				17
Broadcast Cash Flow		358				277				381
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		(22	)			(29	)			(11	)
Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses		336				248				370
Contributions to pension plans		(4	)			(4	)			(3	)
Adjustments for unrestricted subsidiaries		1				1				–
Corporate Transaction Related Expenses		–				11				1
Operating Cash Flow as defined in the Senior Credit Agreement		333				256				368
Interest expense		(94	)			(78	)			(78	)
Amortization of deferred financing costs		4				3				3
Preferred dividends		(13	)			(13	)			(13	)
Common stock dividends		(7	)			(8	)			–
Purchase of property and equipment (1)		(52	)			(23	)			(22	)
Reimbursement of purchases of property and equipment		2				3				7
Income taxes paid, net of refunds		(9	)			(30	)			(71	)
Free Cash Flow (1)	$	164			$	110			$	194

(1) Excludes approximately $87 million and $11 million of capitalized construction and related interest payments for the Assembly Atlanta project in 2022 and 2021 three-month periods, respectively.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Terms on Combined Historical Basis (Unaudited):
	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
		2022				2021				2020
	(in millions)
Net income	$	269			$	208			$	271
Adjustments to reconcile from net income to Free Cash Flow:
Depreciation		96				96				94
Amortization of intangible assets		156				86				85
Non-cash stock-based compensation		17				12				13
Non-cash 401(k) expense, excluding corporate portion		–				1				–
Gain on disposal of assets, net		(6	)			(8	)			(27	)
Miscellaneous expense, net		3				7				26
Interest expense		254				233				233
Income tax expense		101				37				51
Amortization of program broadcast rights		36				41				43
Payments for program broadcast rights		(37	)			(42	)			(45	)
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		66				66				39
Broadcast Transaction Related Expenses		5				–				–
Broadcast other adjustments		–				57				52
Broadcast Cash Flow		960				794				835
Corporate and administrative expenses before
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and
non-cash stock-based compensation		(66	)			(66	)			(39	)
Broadcast Cash Flow Less Cash Corporate Expenses		894				728				796
Pension income		(2	)			–				–
Contributions to pension plans		(4	)			(4	)			(3	)
Adjustments for unrestricted subsidiaries		5				1				–
Corporate Transaction Related Expenses		1				19				1
Operating Cash Flow as defined in the Senior Credit Agreement		894				744				794
Interest expense		(254	)			(233	)			(233	)
Amortization of deferred financing costs		12				9				9
Preferred dividends		(39	)			(39	)			(39	)
Common stock dividends		(23	)			(23	)			–
Purchase of property and equipment (1)		(119	)			(70	)			(81	)
Reimbursement of purchases of property and equipment		7				12				25
Income taxes paid, net of refunds		(128	)			(96	)			(89	)
Free Cash Flow (1)	$	350			$	304			$	386

(1) Excludes approximately $179 million and $91 million of capitalized construction and related interest payments for the Assembly Atlanta project in 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and the Effect of Transaction Related Expenses and Certain Non-cash Expenses, in millions, except for per share information (Unaudited):
	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
	(in millions, except for per share information)
Net income (loss)	$	108			$	(17	)		$	269			$	61
Adjustments to reconcile from net income (loss) to
Adjusted EBITDA:
Depreciation		33				26				96				76
Amortization of intangible assets		52				28				156				81
Non-cash stock-based compensation		6				3				17				10
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets, net		(1	)			51				(6	)			46
Miscellaneous expense, net		1				1				3				7
Interest expense		94				48				254				143
Income tax expense		42				35				101				65
Total		335				175				890				489
Add: Transaction Related Expenses (1)		1				11				6				19
Adjusted EBITDA	$	336			$	186			$	896			$	508
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	95			$	(30	)		$	230			$	22
Add: Transaction Related Expenses and non-cash
stock-based compensation		7				14				23				29
Less: Income tax expense related to Transaction Related
Expenses and non-cash stock-based compensation		(2	)			(4	)			(6	)			(7	)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – excluding
Transaction Related Expenses and non-cash stock-based
compensation	$	100			$	(20	)		$	247			$	44
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders per common share,
diluted – excluding Transaction Related Expenses and non-cash
stock-based compensation	$	1.09			$	(0.21	)		$	2.66			$	0.46
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding		92				95				93				95

(1) Excludes $7 million of Transaction Related Expenses included in miscellaneous (expense) income, net for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021.

Reconciliation of Total Leverage Ratio, Net of All Cash (Unaudited):
	Eight Quarters Ended
	September 30, 2022
	(in millions)
Net income	$	583
Adjustments to reconcile from net income to operating cash flow as
defined in our Senior Credit Agreement:
Depreciation		226
Amortization of intangible assets		300
Non-cash stock-based compensation		35
Loss on disposals of assets, net		31
Interest expense		505
Loss from early extinguishment of debt		12
Income tax expense		246
Amortization of program broadcast rights		83
Non-cash 401(k) expense		15
Payments for program broadcast rights		(85	)
Pension gain		(5	)
Contributions to pension plans		(7	)
Adjustments for unrestricted subsidiaries		9
Adjustments for stations acquired or divested, financings and expected
synergies during the eight quarter period		490
Transaction Related Expenses		88
Other		2
Operating Cash Flow as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement	$	2,528
Operating Cash Flow as defined in our Senior Credit Agreement,
divided by two	$	1,264
	September 30, 2022
Adjusted Total Indebtedness:
Total outstanding principal	$	6,674
Letters of credit outstanding		4
Cash		(144	)
Adjusted Total Indebtedness, Net of All Cash	$	6,534
Total Leverage Ratio, Net of All Cash		5.17